94 GHz Galileo Cloud Radar

The Galileo radar is a fully coherent W-band dual-polarisation pulsed Doppler radar designed for observations of cloud microphysics and climatology. It is based on a crystal-controlled reference and synthesisers plus frequency multiplier chains to generate all necessary RF and system timing signals. The transmitter is based on a high-power pulsed millimetre-wave extended interaction klystron amplifier (EIKA) tube manufactured by CPI (Communications and Power Industries, Canada Inc.), while the receiver is a single-conversion super-heterodyne. The transmitter incorporates a polarisation switch to allow sequences of H and V polarised pulses to be transmitted and there are separate IF receiver chains for each polarisation.  A pair of mutually aligned dishes in a bistatic configuration form the radar antenna to provide sufficient transmit-receive isolation.